How must the control valves be opened?

The correct method for opening control valves in fuel-oil piping and storage systems is by hand. This requirement is established for several important reasons, primarily revolving around safety, control, and responsiveness in maintaining the system's integrity.

When control valves are operated manually, it allows the operator to directly assess the situation and make informed decisions while opening or closing the valves. This direct control is crucial in preventing accidental release of fuel or other hazardous circumstances, as it involves human judgment and situational awareness.

Furthermore, opening valves by hand provides a measure of control over the opening process, allowing operators to modulate the rate at which fuel flows. This is particularly important in preventing sudden changes in pressure or flow that could lead to equipment damage or hazardous conditions.

In contrast, alternative methods such as automatic opening could lead to scenarios where a valve opens unexpectedly and without authorization, which could compromise safety. Mechanical or foot-operated systems may not offer the same level of operator discretion and situational awareness, increasing the risk of accidents or malfunctions.

Thus, the requirement for manually opening control valves underscores the emphasis on safety and careful operation in managing fuel-oil systems.